Peroneal Tendinitis

What is Peroneal Tendinitis?

Peroneal tendinitis refers to inflammation of the peroneal tendons, which are responsible for stabilizing and moving the ankle and foot. These tendons, which run along the lateral side of the leg, connect the peroneal muscles to the foot bone. Tendinitis occurs when these tendons become irritated and inflamed, usually due to repetitive stress or injury.

Causes of Peroneal Tendinitis

Common causes include:

Overuse: Repetitive activities, such as running, especially on inclined or uneven surfaces, can cause excessive stress on the peroneal tendons.
Traumatic injuries: Ankle sprains or twists can inflame the peroneal tendons.
Biomechanical misalignment: Alignment problems in feet or ankles, such as flat or high-arched feet, can increase stress on the peroneal tendons.
Inadequate footwear: Using footwear that doesn't offer proper support can contribute to developing peroneal tendinitis.

Symptoms of Peroneal Tendinitis

Typical symptoms include:

Localized pain: Pain along the lateral side of the ankle and leg, which can worsen with physical activities or palpation of the tendons.
Swelling: Mild swelling along the affected area, especially around the ankle.
Stiffness: Sensation of stiffness and discomfort on the lateral side of the ankle, especially after periods of inactivity.
Tenderness: Sensation of tenderness when touching the peroneal tendons area.

Diagnosis of Peroneal Tendinitis

To diagnose this condition, doctors use:

Physical examination: Assessment of pain, swelling, and tenderness along the lateral side of the ankle and leg. The doctor may perform specific tests to verify tendon functionality and response.
Imaging Tests: Ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to visualize inflammation and condition of the peroneal tendons, as well as rule out other possible injuries.

Treatment of Peroneal Tendinitis

Treatment can vary according to the severity of tendinitis and response to initial treatment:

Conservative: Includes rest, ice application, and use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to relieve pain and inflammation. Physical therapy is recommended to strengthen muscles around the ankle and improve tendon flexibility.
Activity modification: Reducing or modifying activities that cause stress on the ankle and tendons may be necessary to allow recovery.
Appropriate footwear: Use of footwear with good support and, if necessary, orthoses to correct biomechanical problems and reduce load on the peroneal tendons.

Prevention of Peroneal Tendinitis

Some preventive measures include:

Strengthening and stretching: Perform regular exercises to strengthen muscles around the ankle and stretch the peroneal tendons.
Warm-up and technique: Do proper warm-up before physical activities and correct running techniques to avoid excessive stress on the tendons.
Appropriate footwear: Use appropriate footwear that offers support and cushioning for the ankle and feet.

Conclusion

Peroneal tendinitis is a condition that can cause significant pain and discomfort in the lateral region of the ankle. Identifying symptoms early and seeking medical evaluation are essential steps for effective treatment. With proper treatment and preventive measures, most people can relieve pain and recover normal tendon function, safely returning to their daily and sports activities.